The Yamuna River, regarded as a sacred river and a primary water source for several cities, is experiencing severe pollution due to the continuous discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents into its surface waters. Rapid urban expansion, industrial development, and increasing population pressure have significantly contributed to this degradation, particularly through the introduction of heavy metals. The present study aimed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of water quality and heavy metal contamination in the Yamuna River at different locations within Agra city during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The findings indicate that concentrations of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) remained within acceptable limits, whereas levels of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) showed an increase during the post-monsoon season. Elevated chromium levels are likely associated with effluents from leather processing industries in the region. Among all the sampling sites, the Taj Ganj area exhibited comparatively higher pollution levels, indicating a more critical water quality condition than other locations studied.